2016高考英语语法填空和阅读理解精品练习(6)及答案

阅读理解。

Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.

Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.

Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.

Exploration also allows minerals and other potential(潜在的) resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Knowledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spin-offs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick pans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products(副产品) of technological developments in the space industry!

While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not exist.

While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.

本文是一篇议论文，向我们阐述了人类进行太空探索的原因。人类的基因构成决定了人类探索其他领域包括太空的能力。人类探索太空可能暂时没有多大用处，但是在将来这可能会帮助人类生存下去。

1．Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1? A．To express his doubts.

C．To introduce points for discussion.

B．To compare different ideas. D．To describe the conditions on Earth.

答案：C。推理判断题。作者在第一段提出问题目的是引出下面要讨论的话题。

2．What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph 2? A．Humans are nature-born to do so. B．Humans have the tendency to fight. C．Humans may find new sources of food. D．Humans don't like to stay in the same place.

答案：A。细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知人类探索太空的原因是其基因的构成。 3．The underlined word “spin­offs” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to ________. A．survival chances C．unexpected benefits

B．potential resources D．physical possessions

答案：C。词义猜测题。后面所说的“improvements in earthquake prediction，in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems”可知此处的划线短语意为“益处，好处”。 4．What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets? A．Our genetic makeup. C．The adaptive ability of humans.

B．Resources on the earth.

D．By-products in space exploration.

答案：C。细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句话可知，人类的适应能力会让人类在其他星球生存下去。

5．Which of the statements can best sum up the passage? A．Space exploration has created many wonders. B．Space exploration provides the best value for money. C．Space exploration can benefit science and technology.

D．Space exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth.

答案：D。主旨大意题。A、B两项可以容易地排除。全文主要讲的是太空探索对帮助人类生存的益处，而不是对科技的益处。 阅读理解

Lisa Pina never thought she would need the fire safety training she received during her apprenticeship (学徒期) as a union painter and dry waller.On Friday morning，she was thanking God she had it. On Thursday night，while Pina was babysitting her granddaughter，nephew and two nieces in her sister’s apartment，she smelled smoke and realized the apartment building was on fire.When her 4-year-old granddaughter Ilean Garcia began saying，“We’re going to die，”she knew she had to

act.Pina,39，first sealed the door，and then told all four children to get on the floor.After calling 911，she told the children to start singing and promised them all treats as soon as they reached safety. “I said，‘OK，we’re going to lie down and we’re all going to play a game，’”Pina said.“We all started singing our ABCs and 123s.I was just trying to make it fun.”

Pina patiently waited，and a few minutes later，Riverside County sheriff’s deputies (治安官的助手) arrived.Pina，Ilean,8-year-old Gabriel Parga,5-year-old Aubreyana Parga and 4-year-old Meriyah Parga were all trapped on the second floor as flames filled the first story.

Pina did the only thing she could.She opened the window and dropped the children，one-by-one，into the arms of the sheriff’s deputies about 15 to 20 feet below.

“I just needed to keep the kids calm so they wouldn’t be afraid，”Pina said.“I was deathly afraid inside，but I couldn’t let them know that.”

Not long after dropping the children out of the window，firefighters arrived with a ladder and rescued her.Ten people were treated at the scene for suffering smoke，but nobody was seriously injured. 1.The text is mainly about________.

A.a big fire without serious injury B.an urgent call 911

C.a brave babysitter D.a babysitter rescuing kids from a big fire 2.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refers to________. A.a union painter B.a dry waller C.the fire safety training D.the apprenticeship

3.Before Lisa Pina called 911，in order to prevent the fire，she________. A.let children get on the floor B.opened the windows of the second floor C.closed the door hard D.had children start singing 4.According to the text，we know that________. A.Lisa Pina was the last one to be rescued B.the fire didn’t cause any injury

C.the children were sent to hospital after the fire D.during the fire Lisa Pina wasn’t afraid at all

1.Carrying their heavy load，the two brothers walked along the riverbank，hardly noticing the distance or the sun beating down.(完形填空第二段第一句)

带着他们沉重的行囊，兄弟二人沿着河岸行走，几乎没有注意到远行的距离和太阳的曝晒。 (1)The sun beat down on the desert sand. 太阳曝晒着沙漠。

(2)The thieves had beaten the door down. 小偷破门而入。

(3)The wheat had been beaten down by the rain.

麦子被雨了。

(4)He wanted ￡800 for the car but I beat him down to ￡600. 那部车他索价八百英镑，但我把他的价钱讲到六百英镑。

2....then decided to find their way back to the river to catch some fish.(完形填空第二段末句) ……然后，(他们)决定设法回到河里，捉几条鱼。 (1)They found their way out of the crowded market. 他们设法从拥挤的市场里挤出来。

(2)The hunter found his way into the deep forest in search of the injured deer. 猎人设法进入森林深处寻找那只受伤的鹿。

(3)He thought hard and found a way to solve the problem at last. 他努力思考，最后终于想出一个解决这个问题的办法。

3.After calling 911，she told the children to start singing and promised them all treats as soon as they reached safety.(阅读理解第二段末句)

拨打完911求救电话，他们一到达安全地方，她就告诉孩子们开始唱歌，并允诺他们所有快乐的事情。

(1)It was a real treat to visit them! 拜访他们真是一件乐事！

(2)Now remember this is to be my treat，so I’ll pay for everything. 别忘了这次该我请客，所以一切由我付款。 【参】1.D 2.C 3.C 4.A

语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【全国新课标卷题型】

One day, about ten years ago, while working at the cash register in the gift shop at my University Museum of Natural History, I saw an elderly couple come in with a little girl in a wheelchair. As I looked__1__(close) at this girl, I found that she was fixed on her chair. I then realized she had no arms or legs, just a head, a neck and upper body，__2__(dress) in a little white skirt. As the couple wheeled her up to me, I turned my head toward the girl. When I took the money__3__her grandparents, I looked back at the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen. All of

__4__sudden, her handicap was gone and all I saw was this beautiful girl，__5__smile just melted me__6__almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of__7__life is all about. She took me from a poor, unhappy college student and__8__(bring) me into her world; a world of smiles, love and__9__(warm). I'm a successful business man now and whenever I think about the troubles of the world, I think about that little girl and the remarkable lesson about life that she taught__10__. 1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______ 答案：

1．closer/closely 更近地看，表示与上文比较，或直接用副词。 2．dressed be dressed in“穿着”。 3．from take...from“从……拿……”。 4．a all of a sudden“突然”。

5．whose 引导定语从句，并在从句中做定语，修饰smile。 6．and 连接并列谓语melted和gave。

7．what 引导宾语从句，且在从句中做about的宾语。

8．brought 因为是并列谓语，所以应与前面谓语动词took时态一致。 9．warmth 抽象名词，与前面的smiles，love并列。 10．me 考查短语teach sb. a lesson，这里缺少间接宾语。

语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【辽宁卷题型】

Alan：Do you have anything__1__on this evening? Joe：No, I've got a lot of time__2__(kill)．

Alan：Well, then. Won't you come over to dinner and have a game of Mahjong afterwards? Joe: With pleasure.

Alan：You were not so eager about Mahjong before.

Joe：That's __3__ I didn't know the fun of__4__(play) it then. Why is Mahjong such a popular game, do you know?

Alan：I've got no idea. I only know that foreigners are beginning to take__5__ interest in it, besides their old card games.

Joe：That's right. Some of them are already__6__(expert)．

Alan：Indeed they are. But the trouble about Mahjong is once you're__7__(interest) in it, you can't shed it off.

Joe：Yes. Once I went crazy over other hobbies such as stamp collecting and reading, but I find them very__8__ (bore) now.

Alan：I'm sure your former hobbies are more beneficial. Joe：I can't deny that, and I can't help it，__9__. Alan：The bell's ringing. That__10__ be our partners. 1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______ 答案：

1．particular 此处用形容词作后置定语，修饰anything。 2．to kill have got a lot of time to kill中to kill作状语。 3．because 考查名词。此处表原因，故用because。 4．playing 介词of后应用v-ing，所以填playing。 5．an 考查冠词。take an interest in...对……感兴趣。 6．experts 考查名词。此处指专家(experts)。

7．interested 考查形容词。be interested in 对……感兴趣。 8．boring 此处boring作find的宾语补足语。

9．either 由I can't help it，可知，此处表示也不(either)。 10．must/may 考查情态动词。