新概念英语第一册笔记61-70

Lesson 61 A bad cold 一、单词讲解 1、feel

feel v. 感觉

feel happy 感觉幸福，快东 feel tried 感觉疲倦 feel sick 感觉恶心 feel hot 感觉热 感官动词： smell 闻起来 taste 尝起来 look 看起来 sound 听起来

主系表结构中，系动词可以是be动词，也可以是感官动词。be动词后面跟形容词和名词作表语，而感官动词多加形容词做表语。 eg. The food smells pleasant. 这食物闻起来很香。

eg. The dish tastes good. 这道菜尝起来很好吃。

eg. He looks ill. 他看起来病了

That sounds good. 那听起来不错。

这些感官动词的疑问句式和否定句式与其它实义动词一样，要借助动词do/does, don’t/ doesn’t.

eg. Does the idea sound good? 这个想法听起来好吗？

eg. It doesn’t taste good. 它尝起来味道不好。

2、look look v.

1） 感官动词 看起来 eg. You look ill. eg. She looks sad.

eg. They don’t look happy. 2） 实义动词 看

eg. Look! There is a monkey in the tree. （介词用in）

look at 看…东西（表示有意识的去看，强调看的动作）

eg. Look at the mother and her daughter. They are so fat.

eg. Look at the pretty lady. She is Mr. Lee’s wife.

eg. She is looking at the picture on the wall. see 看见（表示有意识的看到或碰巧看见，强调看的结果）

eg. What can you see in the box? eg. I see some old and dirty clothes. eg. I always see him in the park.

watch 观看（表示看电视，比赛等这种移动的画面）

eg. They usually watch TV at night. eg. They are watching a football game. eg. look after 照顾 eg. Can you look after my baby this afternoon? eg. The mother stays at home and look after the baby.

look for 寻找（强调找的动作） eg. What are you doing?

I am looking for my new pen. find 找到… （强调找的结果） eg. I can’t find my new pen. eg. Can you find her?

look down on sb 瞧不起某人

eg. The boss always looks down on his employees.

3、must

must aux. 必须

must是情态动词，没有时态、人称和数格的变化，不能单独作谓语，必须与后面的动词一起作谓语。它的否定和疑问句在情态动词本身变化，但must 疑问句的否定回答应该用needn’t，表示“不必了”；而mustn’t表示“绝对不可以”、“千万不要”。

eg. She must look after her baby.

eg. Must they clean the office this afternoon? Yes, they must. No, they needn’t.

eg. You mustn’t swim in the river. 你绝对不可以在河里游泳。

4、call

call v. 请，打电话给… call the doctor 打电话请医生 call the police 打电话叫

eg. You must call him this afternoon.

5、doctor

doctor n. 医生

go to see a doctor 去看医生

eg. You look ill. You must go to see a doctor.（ill是形容词做感官动词的表语） see a doctor about 找医生看…病

eg. You should see a doctor about your cough. 你应该找医生来看看你的咳嗽 the doctor’s 医生诊所（Br.）

the doctor’s office 医生诊所（Am.）

eg. You should go to the doctor’s （office） if you feel sick. dentist 牙医 vet 兽医

6、telephone

telephone n. 电话

telephone number 电话号码 telephone call 电话

eg. I received three telephone calls this morning.

eg. She always gives me a telephone call on Sundays. phone

call sb to the phone 叫某人听电话 eg. Call your mother to the phone.

eg. You are wanted on the phone. 请你去听电话。

eg. She is on the phone. 她正在通电话。 talk on the phone / talk over the phone 通电话

eg. We can talk the phone tonight.

eg. We can talk over the phone tonight. v. 打电话给…

telephone sb 打电话给某人

telephone the lawyer 打电话给律师

7、remember

remember v.记得，记住

remember to do sth 记得去做某事 remember doing sth 记得做过某事

eg. You must remember to post the letter. 你要记得把信寄出去。

eg. I remember posting the letter. 我记得我己经把信寄出去了。

8、mouth

mouth n. 嘴 mouse n. 耗子

from mouth to mouth 口口相传，广泛流传 eg. The new spread from mouth to mouth. 消息传开了。

from the horse’s mouth （消息）是直接得来的 暗示消息来源可靠

eg. Miss Lee is leaving this company. It’s from the horse’s mouth. She told me. 李小姐要离开这个公司，是她跟我讲的。

9、tongue

tongue n. 舌头 mother tongue 母语

eg. Chinese is my mother tongue. eg. What’s your mother tongue?

eg. a slip of the tongue 口误，失言

10、bad

bad adj. 坏的，严重的 eg. I feel bad. 我感觉不好。 bad language 脏话

go from bad to worse 越变越坏，每况愈下

11、cold cold

1） n. 感冒

have a cold 伤风，感冒 catch a cold get a cold

a bad cold 严重的感冒

2） adj. 冷的

eg. You look cold. Go upstairs and put on your coat.

12、news

news n. 消息（不可数名词） a piece of news 一条新闻 fresh news 最新消息

2） That is good news for me.（注意news前没有不定冠词a）

二、课文讲解 Questions：

1. What’s the matter with Jimmy? He feels ill.

2. Does Jimmy like school? No, he doesn’t.

He doesn’t like school.

He’s in bed.

in bed 躺在床上

He’s in bed.=He lies in bed. on the bed 在床上

He sits on the bed. 他坐在床上。

What’s the matte with him? What’s the matter with…?

常用来询问人或事物的状况。常作“是否有问

题”、“是否有麻烦”讲。

What’s wrong （with…）? What’s wrong with your radio? it doesn’t work.

He feels ill.

feel 是系动词； ill 是形容词“有病的”“生病的”作表语。

He looks ill.

look 是感官动词。

注意feel ill / look ill 的区别

feel ill 指自我感觉，感觉有病； look ill 指外表形象，看起来有病。

We must call the doctor.

call the doctor 打电话请医生

Can you remember the doctor’s telephone number?

remember 记住

I can’t remember your address.

doctor’s （名词所有格） 医生的…

Yes, it’s 09754.

it 指医生的电话号码；电话号码中的“零”可以读成字母“o”或zero. Open your mouth, Jimmy. Show me your tongue. Say, ‘Ah’. show 给… 看…

后接双宾语me 是间接宾语，your tongue是直接宾语。

He has a bad cold, Mr. Williams, so he must stay in bed for a week.

has a bad cold 得了重感冒 bad adj. 严重的 so 所以，因此

stay in bed / lie in bed/ be in bed 卧床，躺在床上

for 是介词，可以引出一段时间，表示某个动作持续多少时间。

That’s good news for Jimmy.

news 不可数名词，前面不加“a” for prep. 对…来说

小结： 感官第动词

feel/ look/ smell/ taste/ sound 后面加形容词作表语 动词短语：

be in bed / stay in bed / lie in bed 躺在床上 call a doctor 打电话请医生 have a bad cold 患重感冒

Lesson 62 What’s the matte with them?

What must they do? 一、单词见书p124

Lesson 63 Thank you, doctor. 一、单词讲解 1、better better

1） adj. （病后身体渐渐恢复）好些了 well adj. 身体好的 eg. How are you?

I’m very well, Thank you.

eg. I am sick today. I hope I will be well again tomorrow.

get well soon （当别人病了时说的） eg. You will get well soon. eg. Is Helen better?

Yes, she’s getting better. eg. I hope you get better soon.

eg. Their grandmother is getting better.

2） adj. 更好的，是good的比较级（通常与than连用，than表示比…）

eg. Your stereo is better than mine.

eg. Your idea is good, but her idea is better. 3） adv. 更好地，是副词well 的比较级 eg. Come on. You can do better than that.

2、certainly

certainly adv. 当然 eg. Can you drive a car? Certainly.

eg. May I borrow your pen? Certainly. Here you are.

3、get up get up 起来

eg. My mother gets up very early every morning.

eg. When do you get up?

I usually get up at eight o’clock in the morning.

go to bed 上床睡觉

4、yet

yet adv. 还，仍（多用于否定句或疑问句）eg. They have not started yet. 他们还没有出发/开始。

eg. Is everything ready? 一切都准备好了吗？ Not yet. 还没呢。

5、rich rich

1） adj. 口味重的，油腻的

rich food 含油、糖等多的，口味比较重的 a rich birthday cake fatty 指含脂肪多的 fatty food 高脂肪食物 2） adj. 富裕的

eg. He’s marrying the daughter of a rich lawyer. wealthy adj. 富裕的

eg. His father is very wealthy.

6、food

food n. 食物（不可数/可数） eg. Don’t eat fatty foods. eg. What’s Korean food like? diet n.饮食

a low-fat diet 低脂肪食品 a high-fibre diet 高纤维食品 be on diet 在节食

eg. I am on diet. 我在节食。 dish n.菜肴 French dish American dish flavor n.风味 local flavor

7、remain remain v.

1） 留下，停留

eg. You should remain in bed. eg. You must remain at home.

eg. We’re going to remain in London for two years.

2） 保持不变

eg. It will remain cold for a few days.

eg. They remain silent at the meeting. 他们在会议上保持沉默。

二、课文讲解

Question： Who else is in bed today?

How’s Jimmy today?

How + be + sb? 可用来询问人的身体状况 How are you today? How is Lucy?

How is his grandfather?

Better. Thank you, doctor.

better 表示病后身体状况有所好转 be better 或 get better

Her daughter is ill, but she is getting better. Is he better now?

recover 也可表示病后或受伤后身体恢复，但它要比better更正式一些，而且一般指所谓的病和受的伤比较严重。一般后面用介词from表示人从疾病或伤痛中康复了。 I am recovering from the bone injury. be fully recovered 完全恢复了健康

Mike is fully recovered and will be going to work.

Can I see him please, Mrs. Williams?

这是情态动词的疑问句。情态动词的疑问句是把情态动词放在句首，否定句是在情态动词后面加not. 注意can not 经常连写作cannot或can’t. Can I come in?

She can’t speak German.

You look very well, Jimmy. You are better now, but you mustn’t get up yet. You must stay in bed for another two days. look very well 看上去很好

well 作形容词，表示身体好。下面三个句子中，well都是作be动词和感官动词的表语。She’s well.

You don’t look well. He feels well.

well 还可以作副词，意思是“好”、但不用来表示身体好。

This little boy plays football very well. 这个小男孩足球踢得很好。

We live well. 我们生活得很好。（well 作副词修饰动词live）

I don’t know him well. 我不了解他。（well 作副词修饰动词know）

mustn’t 表示禁止，不许可 You mustn’t drink beer. 你决不可以喝啤酒。 You mustn’t go out.

yet adv. 还…. （一般用于否定句中） My little son can’t walk yet. 我的小儿子还不会走路呢。

She doesn’t know yet. 她还不知道。 for sb 表示为某人

The bookcase is for my daughter. My mother cooks for us every day. for 引导的表示时间的短语，表示某种状态或动作持续了一个时间段。

He stays at school for 8 hours every day. I have to wait for a long time.

for another two days 持续另外两天。 another 别外…再…

Give me another piece of cake. 再给我一块蛋糕。

Would you like another one? 再来一块吗？

The boy mustn’t go to school yet, Mrs. Williams. And he mustn’t eat rich food. rich food 油腻的食物

Does he have a temperature, doctor? No, he doesn’t. No, he doesn’t have a temperature. temperature 温度

have a temperature 发烧 have a fever 发烧

have a high fever 发高烧

take one’s temperature 量体温

Yes, He must remain in bed for another two days. He can get up for about two hours each day, but you must keep the room warm. remain in bed 呆在床上（指卧床） remain 保持/继续某种状态 stay in bed 呆在床上 be in bed 呆在床上

for 后接表示时间段的短语 another two days 另外两天 he can get up 他可以起床 can 表示一种允话

Can I borrow your phone? Yes, you can. You can stay here tonight. 你今晚可以住在这儿。

for about two hours 持续两个小时 each day 每天

each/ every每个，every 后面的动词要用单数形式，强调整体概念。

Every child likes it. 此句相当于All children like it. 所有孩子都喜欢它。

every 必须用在三个以上的人或事物中，every不可以作代词.

every of the students （错） every student （正确）

each 强调个体概念，每一个… Each student must be on time. 每个学生必须准时上课。

each 可以作代词

Each of the girls has an apple. 每个女孩都有一个苹果。

each在复数名词后作同位语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 They each（做they 同位语） have a computer. They have a computer each.他们每人都有一台电脑。

keep the room warm 保持房间温暖 复合宾语：keep 谓语动词，the room 作keep 的宾语，warm是形容词，作宾语the room的补足语，补充说明宾语的情况。 keep your hands clean 保持双手清洁 paint the bookcase pink 把书橱刷成粉色

He’s in bed, doctor. Can you see him please? He has a bad cold, too! be in bed 躺在床上 have a cold 患了感冒

have a bad cold 患了重感冒

疾病前加不定冠词“a”或“an”的还有 have a headache 头痛 have a toothache 牙痛 疾病前不用完词的有 have flu 患流行性感冒 三、小结

come upstairs 上楼来 look very well 看上去很好 I’m better now. 我好多了。

stay in bed. 躺在床上/ lie in bed / be in bed/ remain in bed.

another two days 另外两天 rich food 油腻的食物 have a temperature 发烧 keep the room warm have a bad cold

Lesson Don’t…! You mustn’t…! 一、单词讲解 1．Play play 1） v. 玩

eg. The child is playing with some toys. 这个孩子正在玩玩具。

eg. The children usually play in the garden in the afternoon. 孩子们下午通常在花园里玩耍。

2） v. 打球

play basketball 打篮球 play football

play tennis 打网球

注意球类运动前不加定冠词“the” 3） v. 演奏（乐器）

play the violin 拉小提琴 play the piano 弹钢琴 注意乐器前一般加“the”.

play the joke on sb 拿某人开玩笑

eg. They always play jokes on others.他们总是拿别人开玩笑。 4） n. 戏剧，表演

eg. I don’t like this TV play.我不喜欢这部电视剧。

2、match match n. 1） 火柴

eg. Don’t play with matches. 不要玩火柴。 lighter

cigarette lighter 打火机 2） 比赛

football match 足球比赛

3、talk

talk v. 谈话， 交谈

eg. They are talking over the phone. 他们正在用电话交谈。

talk about…. 谈认关于….

eg. They are talking about their favourite film stars.他们正在谈论他们最喜欢的电影明星。 talk to sb 与…谈话

eg. Danny is talk to a pretty lady over there. 丹尼在那边和一位漂亮的女士谈话。

eg. I want to talk to you about it. 我想和你谈一谈这个问题。 speak 发言

eg. The boss will speak at the meeting. 老板将在会上发言。

say 强调后面所讲的内容

eg. She always says that she wants to marry a rich man. 她总是说她想嫁给一个有钱人。

4、library

library n. 图书馆

borrow a book from a library 向图书馆借书 eg. She is reading in the library.

5drive drive v. 1） 驾驶

eg. Can you drive a car? 你会开车吗？

eg. He drives very well. 他的架驶技术很好。 eg. Let’s drive along the bank. 我们沿着河岸架车兜风吧。 2） 驱赶，赶走

eg. Drive the dog away. 把狗赶走

eg. Drive the enemy out of the country. 把敌人赶出这个国家。

3） 迫使…（后面接复合宾语）

eg. The noise almost drives me mad. 这噪音简直让我发疯。

drive me mad 复合宾语，mad 做宾语me 的补足语

driver n. 司机

a taxi-driver 出租车司机

5、so so

1） 程度副词；用于形容词或副词的前面。 eg. She is so pleasant. eg. Don’t drive so quickly. 2） 因此

eg. He is ill, so he can’t go to school. because 因为

eg. Because he has an earache, he must see a doctor.

eg. She must go to bed, because she has a temperature.

because 与so 不可重复使用。

6、quickly quickly

1） adv. 快地

eg. Don’t drive so quickly. 别开这么快的车。 2） adv. 迅速地，立刻地，马上地

eg. He finished his homework very quickly. 他很快地做完了家庭作业。

eg. The police arrived here quickly. 迅速

地到达这里。

7、lean out of

lean out of 身体探出… lean v. 倾斜，倾身

out of 是into的反义词，表示“从…出来”； lean out of … 则指身体倾斜着从…探出。 eg. Don’t lean out of the window. It’s dangerous。不要把身体探出窗外，这太危险了。

lean against 靠着

eg. She is leaning against the tree. 她正倚着那棵树。

eg. Our teacher always leans against the blackboard. 我们的老师总是靠在黑板上。 eg. Don’t lean against the wall. 不要靠在墙上。lean on 依靠，依赖

eg. I am the one you can lean on. 我是你可以依赖的人。

eg. Don’t lean on him for help. 不要依赖他帮助你。

8、break break

1） v. 打破

eg. Don’t play football in the yard. You will break the window. 别在院子里踢足球，你会把玻璃窗打坏的。

eg. I am very careless. I often break my glasses. 2） v. 破晓

eg. We must arrive there before day breaks. 3） n. 中间休息 eg. Let’s have a break.

eg. At ten o’clock we usually have a tea/ coffee break.

9、noise

noise n. 喧闹声、噪声

make a noise 发出噪音、发出声音 eg. Don’t make a noise.

二、小结：

take an aspirin 服阿斯匹林 take the medicine 吃药

Don’t play with matches. 不要玩火柴。

Don’t talk in the library! 不要在图书馆内讲话。make noise 发出声音

break that vase 打碎花瓶。

Lesson 65 Not a baby. 一、单词讲解 1、 Dad/Mum

Dad/Mum 爸爸妈妈（儿语）

2、key key 1） n. 钥匙

key to …. 的钥匙

eg. Which is the key to the front door? 前门的钥匙是哪一把？

eg. The key doesn’t fit the lock. 这把钥匙不合这把锁。

2） n. 题解，答案，秘诀

the key to the problem 解决这个问题的办法 a key to success 成功的秘诀 3） n. （乐器，电脑的）键 keyboard 键盘

3、baby

baby n. 婴儿，宝贝

eg. She stays at home and looks after the baby. 她呆在家里照顾婴儿。

eg. Come here, baby. 过来，宝贝。

4、hear

hear v. 听见 listen v. 听

eg. Listen. Someone is knocking at the door. 听，有人敲门。

listen to… 听…, 表示有意识地去听，强调动作

eg. Let’s listen to the stereo. 我们来听立体声音响吧！

hear v. 听见…（强调听到的结果）

eg. I can’t hear you. 我听不到你说的话。 eg. Do you hear the noise? 你有没有听到声响？

hear from… 收到….的来信

eg. I hear from my boyfriend every week. 我每周都收到男朋友的来信。

5、enjoy

enjoy v.欣赏，喜爱，享受 enjoy + 名词/ doing

eg. I enjoy the movie very much. 我非常喜欢这部电影。

eg. She enjoys swimming very much. 她非常喜欢游泳。

eg. My daughter doesn’t enjoy going to school. 我的女儿不喜欢上学。

enjoy oneself 过得愉快，玩得痛快

eg. Enjoy yourself. 好好玩吧，尽情地玩吧。

6、yourself yourself 你自己

7、ourselves

ourselves 我们自己

当宾语和主语是同一个人时一般需要用反身代词。

eg. We must support ourselves. 我们必须自己养活自己。

eg. You will hurt yourself if you play with matches. 玩火会伤着你自己的。 myself 我自己

yourselves 你们自己 himself 他自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己

themselves 他们自己 oneself 自己本身 by oneself 独自一人

eg. She goes to school by herself every. 她每天独自一人去上学。

eg. I am painting the bookcase by myself. 我自己正在漆这个书橱。

come to oneself 苏醒，恢复意识

eg. He has come to himself. 他己经苏醒了。 for oneself 为某人自己

eg. We made a bookcase for ourselves. eg. They cook a meal for themselves.

二、课文讲解

Question： Does Jill take the key to the front door? Yes, she does.

What are you going to do this evening, Jill? What 引导的be going to do 的特殊疑问句 this evening 今天晚上/ this morning/ this afternoon/ tonight 今天夜里

I’m going to meet some friends.

be going to 表示打算要做…或某事即将发生。 We are going to see our teacher. It’s going to rain.

meet some friends 看一些朋友

dad和mum前如没有所代词或名词所有格作修饰语，就特指自己的父母亲，要大写，father 和mother 也是如此。

You mustn’t come home late. You must be home at half past ten. mustn’t 决不可以

come home late 加家太晚 late是副词修饰动词come be home 到家，在家（状态） come home 到家（动作） half 一半

past pron. （时间）过了… past ten 时间过了十点 half past ten 十点半

I can’t get home so early, Dad! get home 到家

get 表示到达，必须用get to…相当于arrive in/ at

When do you get to the library? 你什么时候到达图书馆？

We must get to school early, today. 我们今天必须早点到学校

get 后面接地点副词的时候，要把介词to省略掉。

get here/ get there

so程度副词表示“很”，“十分”等，在这里修饰副词early.

特指自己的父亲时应用Dad（大写）

Can I have the key to the front door, please? Can I …? 表示请求得到允许。

Can I use your phone? 我可以用一下你的电话吗？

key to …的钥匙

key to the front door 前门的钥匙

Jill’s eighteen years old. Tom. She’s not a baby. Give her the key. She always comes home early.

“几岁”，一般由基数词+year（s） old 构成。在口语中，year（s） old 往往可以省去，而只是用数字表示年龄。

My little daughter is six years old. My little daughter is six.

Her grandmother is seventy-two years old. Her grandmother is seventy-two. give 后面接双宾语，her是间接宾语，the key 是直接宾语。还可以用give sth to sb 的句型

即Give the key to her.

come home early表示早早地回家，early是副词,：“早早地”修饰come home.

Oh, all right! all right 好吧 Let’s go shopping. All right.

Here you are. But you mustn’t come home after a quarter past eleven. Do you hear?

after 是介词，表示在…之后，指时间或顺序概念上的先后。

a quarter = 1/4，指一刻钟 past 是介词，指“过了…” past eleven 过了十一点

a quarter past eleven 十一点一刻

after a quarter past eleven 十一点一刻之后

That’s all right. Goodbye. Enjoy yourself! enjoy oneself 尽情享受，好好玩吧！

Oneself 是反身代词，可以用yourself, ourselves, themselves 等替换。

come home early 回家早 come home late 加家晚 at half past ten 在十点半 get home so early 到家很早 after a quarter past eleven 十点一刻以后 enjoy oneself

Lesson 66 What’s the time? 一、单词讲解 所有反身代词

1.我总是玩得很开心。 I always enjoy myself. 2. 他们正玩得开心。

They are enjoying themselves. 3. 她独自一个人在家呆着。 She is staying at home by herself. 4. 他正一个人把箱子往桌子上抬。

He is lifting the box onto the table by himself. 5. 我们打算自己把墙刷成白色。

We are going to paint the wall white by ourselves.

6.你们必须依靠你们自己。 Your must lean on yourselves. 7.她正在为她自己做饼干。

She is making the biscuits for herself.

1. 直接读出钟点和分钟。 8：20 eight twenty 6：30 six thirty 3：40 three forty 2. 用介词to 和past

超过某个钟点30分钟之内，用past表示。

8：10 ten past eight 12：05 five past twelve

3：15 fifteen past three/ a quarter past three

6：20 twenty past six

9：30 thirty past nine/ half past nine 超个某个钟点30分钟之外时，用to,相当于汉语的“还差几分钟到几点”。

6：35 twenty-five to seven 差25分钟到7点

9：40 twenty to ten

3：45 fifteen to four/ a quarter to four

2：50 ten to three 11：55 five to twelve

3. 表示在“几点”，通常用介词at。

He goes to school at half past seven. 他7点30去上学。

They have lunch at twenty to twelve. 他们11点40分吃午饭。

1. 年的读法

1931： nineteen thirty-one 1873： eighteen seventy-three 1900： nineteen hundred

1908： nineteen hunred and eight 2000： two thousand

2001： two thousand and one

年份前面的介词用in.

in two thousand and two 在2002年 2. 日期的读法

7月2日 July the second/ the second of July 9月8日 September the eighth/ the eighth of September

10月1日 October the first/ the first of October

12月31日 December the thirty-first/ the thirty-first of December 在具体日期前用介词on on the third 在3号

on July the second / on the second of July 在7月2日

on the twenty-eighth 在28号 在钟点前用at at six o’clock

at nine this evening

在月份或年份及一些固定词组前一般用in in July

in April 1996 in the morning

在具体的某一天之前用on on Monday 在星期一 on April the first 在4月1日

on your birthday 在你生日那一天 on Christmas Day 在圣诞节

指具体某一天的早晨，下午，或晚上，也用

介词on.

on Monday morning 在星期一早上 on Friday evening 在星期五的晚上 1．现在几点了？ What’s the time? 现在11点45分 It’s fifteen to twelve.

2．你的生日是哪一天？ When’s your birthday? 是6月3日

It’s June the third./ It’s on June the third./ It’s on the third of June. 3．你多大了？ How old are you? 我二十三岁了 I’m twenty-three.

I’m twenty-three years old.

Lesson 67 The weekend. 一、单词讲解 1、greengrocer

greengrocer n. 蔬菜水果零售商 at the greengrocer’s 在蔬菜水果店里 eg. Where is your mother?

My mother is at the greengrocer’s.

2、absent

absent adj. 缺席的

be absent from… 缺席，不参加

eg. She is always absent from school. 她总是逃学。

eg. They are absent from the party. 他们没有参加这个晚会。 反义词present

eg. Every employee must be present at the meeting. 每一位员工都必须参加这个会议。 3、Monday、Tuesday、Wednesday、Thursday、Friday、Saturday、Sunday

4、keep keep v.

1）保持（后面接复合宾语）

keep the room warm 保持房间温暖 keep the window open 让窗户开着 2）保存，保留

eg. Buy a pair of trousers with this money and you can keep the change. 用这钱买一条新裤子，剩下的零钱你可以拿去。

eg. You can keep this book if you like it. 如果你喜欢，你可以保留这本书。

3）How are you keeping? = How are you? 是用来问候别人身体状况的话。

5、spend spend v. 1）度过（一段时光）

eg. I am going to spend two weeks in France. 我打算在法国度过两周。 2）花（时间）

eg. I spent 3 hours on my English every day. eg. He spent too much time on sport.

spend some time （in） doing sth 花….时间做某事

eg. He spends an hour （in） reading newspapers every day. 他每天用一个小时时间看报纸。 3）花（钱）

spend some money on sth 花钱买…

spend some money （in） doing sth 花钱去做….

eg. He spends about 50 dollars on books every month. 他每个月都要花大约五十美元买书。 eg. Don’t spend too much money on CDs. 不要花太多钱买唱片。

eg. You don’t have to spend a lot of money seeing a film at the cinema. You can do it at home by watching TV.

6、weekend

weekend n. 周末（通常指星期五晚上到星期日晚上）

eg. I am going to spend the weekend at my mother’s. 我打算在周末去我的妈妈家。

eg. They always go to the pub at weekends. 他们周末经常去酒吧。

weekday n. 平日（指星期一至星期五的日子）

eg. My father is always busy on weekdays. 我的爸爸平日总是很忙。

7、country country n. 1）乡下，郊外

注意country当“乡下”“郊外”讲的时候，前面必须用定冠词“the”,也可以说the countryside. eg. I want to spend this weekend in the country. 我想在乡下度过这个周末。

eg. They are enjoying themselves in the countryside. 他们在乡下玩得非常快乐. 2）国家

eg. China is a large country. 中国是个大国。（国土面积大）

eg. I love my country. 我爱我的祖国。 nation n. 国家，民族

eg. China is a large nation. 中国是个大国。（人口多）

8、lucky

lucky adj. 幸运的

eg. I am lucky enough to meet you. 碰见你我很幸运。

eg. You are a lucky girl. 你是个幸运的姑娘。 luck n. 运气

eg. Good luck! 祝你好运！

二、课文讲解

一般过去时：过去发生的而现在己经结束的动作要用一般过去时。 基本用法：

1. 常用来表示过去某一时间所发生的

动作。

2. 表示在过去的一段时间内经常发生

的动作或存在的状态。

一般过去时的形式：

1.（系动词be的一般现在时的形式：is , am, are）系动词be的一般过去式：was, were.

was用于第一人称单数和第三人称单数形式的主语之后；were用于所有其它的人称和数.

构成疑问句把was, were提至句首；否定句是在was和were的后面加not,缩写为wasn’t, weren’t. I was born in 1981.

He was an engineer five years ago.

Was he an engineer five years ago? Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t. She was ill yesterday.

Was she ill yesterday? Yes, she was. / No, she wasn’t.

They were absent from work yesterday. Were they absent from work yesterday? Yes, they were./ No, they weren’t. 2.动词过去式变化的一般规则 1）一般的动词后面直接加—ed work-worked jump-jumped cook—cooked clean—cleaned

（读音规律：清音后后面读清音，浊音后面读浊音，/t / d/ 后面读[id] dustdusted

2）以-e结尾的动词，直接加-d believebelieved wastewasted shave—shaved livelived

3）以重读闭音节结尾并且词尾只有一个辅音字母的单词，要双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ed

stopstopped （较：stopping） fitfitted （较：fitting） regretregretted （较：regretting） 4）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把“y”变为“I”再加“ed”

study studied （较：studying） empty emptied （较：emptying）

cry cried （较：crying）

5）以元音字母加“y”结尾的动词，真接加“ed”

enjoy enjoyed （较：enjoying） play played （较：playing） 6）特殊变化 keep kept sleep slept begin began

一般过去时的时间状语： last… 上一个…

last year 去年/ last month 上个月/ last week 上星期/ last Sunday 上个星期日 …ago 在… 之前

five year ago 五年前 four days ago 四天前

ten minutes ago 十分钟前 yesterday 昨天

yesterday morning 昨天早晨

He emptied the box ten minutes ago. 十分钟前，她把盒子里的东西倒了出去。 He and his mother went shopping yesterday. 他和他的妈妈昨天逛商店了。His grandfather lived in Russia two years ago. 两年前他的爷爷住在。

动词一般过去时的疑问句要借助did, 但后面的动词要变为原形。

He made a bookcase for his son yesterday.

Did he make a bookcase for his son yesterday.

Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t. She went shopping last Sunday. Did she go shopping last Sunday? Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t.

They enjoyed themselves last weekend. Did they enjoy themselves last weekend?

动词一般过去时态的否定形式要在主语后面加did not （缩写形式：didn’t）,后面的动词过去式要变回原形。

I cooked a meal for myself yesterday evening.

I didn’t cook a meal for myself yesterday evening.

His father shaved just now.

His father didn’t shaved just now.

They jumped off the wall five minutes ago.

They didn’t jump off the wall five minutes ago.

Question： What are the Johnsons going to do at the weekend? 约翰逊夫妇周未准备做什么？

They are going to stay in the country.

the + 姓氏复数形式表示某某一家人或夫妇俩

Were you at the butcher’s? 刚才您到肉店去了吗？

这是系动词be一般过去时的疑问句式 1）疑问句把was, were放在句首。

2）at the butcher’s = at the butcher’s shop 在英文中，表示店铺，住宅，公共机构，公共建筑物以及教堂的名字或某人家时，名词所有格后常不出现它所修饰的名词。 the greengrocer’s （shop） 蔬菜水果店 the doctor’s （office） 诊所

my mother’s （house） 我妈妈家里 注意：前面的介词应该用at.

I was at the greengrocer’s. How’s Jimmy today? 1） at the greengrocer’s 在蔬菜水果店里，后面省略了shop.

2） How 用来询问人的身体状况。

He’s very well, thank you.

well是形容词，作表语，表示身体好, well 还可以做副词，修饰动词。 She swims well. We know him well.

Was he absent from school last week? be absent from 缺席

He was absent from school last week. 疑问句把was提前。

He was absent on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. How are you all keeping?

表示在星期 几用介词on

How are you keeping? = How are you?

–all 是代词，表示“所有”“大家”（用来指三个或三个以上的人或物）

–you all 是指“你们大家”，“你们所有人” All agreed. 大家都同意。 All of us want to go there.

Very well, thank you. We’re going to spend three days in the country. We’re going to stay at my mother’s for the weekend.

How are you keeping? 也可用形容词well来回答，表示身体好。

–spend time/ money （in） doing sth

spend time/ money on sth 在… 方面花钱或时间

spend three days in the country 在乡下度过三天

in the country = in the countryside 在乡下 注：country 当乡下讲的时候，前面必须用定

冠词“the”.

stay at my mother’s 表示住在母亲的家里 stay表示短晢的居住，不可以用live来代替，live是表示长期居住。my mother’s 后面省略了house或home.

for the weekend 是指整个周末这一段时间，而at the weekend 是指强调周末时间的某一点。

Aren’t you lucky!

这句话是否定疑问句形式的感叹句，为的是加强语气，表示“你们真幸运啊！”

Lesson 68 What’s the time? 一、单词讲解 1、church

church n.教堂

temple n.寺庙、神殿

2、dairy

dairy n.乳制品贩卖店

3、baker

baker n. 面包商、面包师傅 at the baker’s（shop） 在面包店里

4、 grocer

grocer n. 食品杂货商人、杂货店主

at the grocer’s 在食品店里 grocery 食品杂货店

1. 1月1日你在什么地方？ Where were you on January 1st? 我在教堂做礼拜 I was at church.

你什么时候在教堂做礼拜 When were you at church?

我下午1点1刻在教堂做礼拜

I was at church at a quarter past one in the afternoon.

I was at church at fifteen past one in the afternoon.

2. 星期一的时候他在哪里？ Where was he on Monday? 他在学校上学。 He was at school.

3. 我下午5：40分在办公室里。

I was at the office at twenty to six in the afternoon.

I was at the office at five forty in the afternoon. 4.他们6月23日在面包店

They were at the baker’s on June 23rd. 指地方加定冠词，指做什么事情不加定冠词。

Lesson 69 The car race. 一、单词讲解 1、year year

1） n. 年

常与this, last, next, every 等词连用当作副词 this year 今年

the year before last 前年 the year after next 后年 the year after year 年复一年 2）岁数

基数词 + year（s）

eg. My best friend’s grandmother is eight-nine years old. 我最好朋友的奶奶己经岁了。

2、rare

race n. 赛跑，竞赛 a boat race 划船比赛 start a race 开始赛跑

run a race with sb 与某人赛跑 arm’s race 军备竟赛

rat race 激烈的竟争、疯狂的角逐

3、town

town n. 城镇 city 城市

eg. Beijing is a big city. 北京是个大都市 village 乡村

eg. Our village is in the valley. 我们的村庄在山谷里。

Chinatown 唐人街 hometown 家乡

4、crowd

crowd n. 人群

a crowd of children 一群小孩 crowded adj. 拥挤的 a crowded city 拥挤的城市 in crowded hall 拥挤的大厅 in crowded train 拥挤的火车 be crowed with 堆（挤）满了 eg. The room is crowded with people.

5、stand stand v.

1） 站立，起立

eg. We were standing on the right. 我们当时站在右边。 2）（建筑物）直立，耸立

eg. The white house stands on the hill. 那幢白色的房子耸立在小山上。 3）停住不动； 停滞

eg. The car stands waiting for the green light. 车停着等候绿灯。

6、exciting

exciting adj. 使人激动的，令人兴奋的（主语一般是物）

eg. This film is very exciting. 这部电影令人激动

the exciting moment 令人激动的时刻 以ing 结尾的形容词： interesting adj. 有趣的 eg. The story is so interesting. outstanding adj. 出众的

eg. Her ability is very outstanding. 她的能力出众。

outgoing adj. （性格）开朗，外向

eg. I live outgoing people. 我喜欢开朗的人。 excited 某人感到兴奋或激动（主语一般是人）eg. I am very excited because I have passed the exam. 我非常兴奋，因为我己经通过了考试。

7、just just

1） adv. 正好，恰好

eg. It is just what I wanted. 那正是我想要的。 just then 正在那个时候（just at that time） 2） 刚才、刚刚

eg. He has just arrived. 他刚刚到. 3） 正要

eg. I’m just leaving.

8、finish finish

1） n. 结尾，结束 eg. It’s an exciting finish. 令人激动的结尾。 2）v. 结束，完成

eg. Have you finished your homework? 你做完家庭作业了吗？ finish doing 做完…

eg. I haven’t finished reading the book yet. 我还没读完那本书。

9、winner winner

1） 获胜者，胜利者

eg. The winner of the race was give a medal. 这场赛跑的优胜者获得一面奖牌。 2）得奖人（作品），入选人（作品） a Nobel prize winner 诺贝尔奖获得者 loser 失败者

10、behind

behind prep. 在…之后

11、way

way n. 路途

eg. There is a car race near our town every year.

二、课文讲解

a car race 汽车比赛 a horse race 赛马

near our town 在我们城镇附近 every year 每年

every Friday 每个星期五

In 1995, there was a very big race.

in 1995 在年份前，介词要用in （读法：nineteen ninty-five） big 盛大的

race 可数名词 a race 一场比赛

There were hundreds of people there. hundreds of 数以百计的 用来表示不定数量的复数形式 thousands of 数以千计的 millions of 数以百万计的 five hundred 500 six thousand 6000 two million 200万

hundred, thousand, million 之前因为有具体数字，所以不加-s.

My wife and I were at the race. 我和我的妻子也去了。

my wife and I 我和我的妻子

当其它人称代词与I 并列作主语时，I 放在后面。

at the race 在观看比赛 at 是指“在某个场合”的意思。

Our friends Julie and Jack were there, too. 我们的朋友朱莉和灰克也去了。

our friends 和Julie and Jack 是同位语

You can see us in the crowd. in the crowd 在人群中

We are standing on the left. on the left 在左边 on the right 在右边

There were English cars, French cars, German cars, Italian cars, American cars and Japanese cars.

and 是连词，当连接两个以上的并列成份时，and 一般放在最后两个并列成分之间，并且and 前面的并列成份要用升调，后面的用降调。

It was an exciting finish. 比赛的结尾是激动人心的。

exciting adj. 激动人心的

I’ve got some exciting news for you. 我给你带来了一些令人激动的消息。

Five other cars were just behind him. other adj. 另外的，其它的 other cars 其它小汽车

five other cars 其它五辆小汽车 behind 在… 后面

behind him： behind Bill Stewart just 正好，恰好

On the way home, my wife said to me, ‘Don’t drive to quickly! You’re not Bill Stewart!’ on the way home 在回家的途中 on the way （to…） 在… 的途中 on the way to school 在上学的路上 on the way to work 在上班的路上 said 是say 的过去式 say to sb 对某人说 say to me 对我说

Don’t drive so quickly.（祈使句的否定形式）

小结：

系动词be的过去式是was/ were,疑问、否定要在was/ were本身变化。 a car race 汽车比赛

hundreds of 数以百计的 in the crowd 在人群中

on the way home 在回家的路上 介词：

in 用在月份、年、国名前面

at 用在时间、钟点、具体位置或方位的名词

前

on 用在具体日期、星期前

Lesson 70 When were they there? 一、单词讲解 1、stationer

stationer n. 文具商

at the stationer’s 在文具店

2、Denmark

Denmark n. 丹麦 Denish n. 丹麦人