江苏省常州高级中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中质量检查英语试题

查英语试题

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解

When you try to blow out a lot of candles, you may not have enough air in your lungs to get them all. Here’s how to measure your lung capacity. What you’ll need

·Plastic bottle, such as a camping water container that holds a little more than 2 liters of water. A 2-liter soft drink bottle may be large enough: try the experiment and see.

·Plastic tube 60 centimeters long. ·Large mixing bowl ·Rubber bands(橡皮筋) ·Ruler

·Helper (not a must).

(1) Fill the bowl about one-third full of water and fill the bottle to the top with water. (2) Hold your hand over the top of the bottle, turn it upside down and put its top under the water in the bowl: your helper will hold the bottle in place.

(3) Tie the ruler to the bottle with rubber bands.

(4) Put the tube in the neck of the bottle, breathe deeply. Hold your nose and blow hard into the tube as long as you can.

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What happened?

How much water did you blow out?

Compare the amount of air you blew into the bottle to the amount of liquid the bottle can hold (2 liters, for example).

Do this test on different people and see who has the largest and smallest lung capacity. 1．What’s the purpose of the experiment?

A．To measure how much water you can blow out once. B．To test the size of different people’s lungs. C．To know the amount of air your lungs can hold. D．To hold the air that you blow out at a time. 2．In this experiment what’s water in the bottle used to do? A．To hold the air you blow out. C．To measure the air you blow out.

B．To show the size of the bottle.

D．To display the process of the experiment.

3．Which of the following statement indicates the experimenter has a larger lung capacity? A．Less water is left in the bottle after the experiment. B．The experimenter blows out air harder.

C．Less water is left in the bowl after the experiment. D．The experimenter breaths deeply enough.

I wanted, in 1999, to be a “farmer’s wife”. Thankfully, after quick correction by my progressive parents, that gradually turned into “farmer”. But that only lasted until my dad told me I had to put my arms up cows’ backsides. Immediately I rethought my career path. Archaeologist followed, and driving instructor after that, then somewhere along the way, footballer.

I remember the exact moment when I said to my dad, “It makes me sad I can’t be a footballer.” He asked why not, and I answered, “Because I’m not a boy.” Looking back, I can see exactly why I felt like that. At school, there was an unwritten rule that sports like hockey

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and netball were “girl” sports and rugby and football were for the boys. Besides, I’d never seen a women’s football match on TV.

Representation is critical, and although we talk about it a lot, I’m yet to be convinced that those who were represented often fully understand what it means to those who aren’t, and how, without really realizing, it affects the general trajectory (轨迹) of their life. In the words of Marian Wright-Edelman, “______” Lack of representation leads, at best, to a misunderstanding around a certain group of people, or at worst, fear and discrimination.

Today, the Lionesses will take on Scotland in the FIFA World Cup, and people across the world will tune in. But, although women’s football has turned out to be one of FIFA’s best investments — with a pound for pound return, only £24 million prize money was awarded to the women’s World Cup victors in comparison to £315 million in the men’s. The most popular defence of those figures argues that it is because viewing statistics are lower than those played by their male counterparts, but the truth is, investment is needed for female football to become more visible and become an equally respected game.

I often wonder what path I would have taken if the option had not seemed so impossible. Today, I’ll be cheering on the Lionesses because talented, skillful female footballers will be broadcast into millions of homes and maybe, among the millions of viewers is a little girl believing that she too can be a Lionesses one day. 4．What did the author go through on her career path? A．She stuck to her initial goal in the face of challenges. B．She didn’t hold out much hope of becoming a footballer. C．She didn’t take her father’s suggestions seriously. D．She gave up her dream because of the unwritten rule.

5．Which of the following sentences can be put in the blank in paragraph3? A．It’s what you think about yourself that counts. B．It’s never too late to realize your ambition. C．You never know what the future holds in store. D．You can’t be what you can’t see.

6．Which statement would the author most likely agree with? A．Most female football players are earning a fair wage. B．Female players earn less because they attract less attention. C．Awareness should be built with investment in the first place.

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D．FIFA is not aware that women’s football games are profitable. 7．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Girls will be motivated to pursue their dreams. B．The author has fulfilled her dream of being a footballer. C．The Lionesses is a female football team without equal D．Female football games are as exciting as male ones.

A vast majority of people usually argue that cycling can make a significant contribution to our world. In reality, there is a gap between desired and actual numbers. In Germany, for instance, only 20% of the everyday short-distance trips are covered by bicycle. When enquiring about the causes, researchers found one point repeatedly tops the list: the perceived or potential risk on the bike routes used. Increasing the share of cycling trips thus depends crucially on well-developed bike paths.

However, designing efficient bike path networks is a complex task that involves balancing a variety of limitations while meeting overall demand. In addition, many districts are confronted with a shortage of funds available for improving the infrastructure. Researchers propose a new approach to generating efficient bike path networks. This considers demand distribution and the route option of cyclists based on preferences for secure outings. Typically, minimizing the travel distance is far from the solely goal. Aspects such as attractiveness of a route are also taken into account.

Under real conditions, a bike path network is created by constantly adding bike paths to more streets. This time, researchers start with an ideal, complex network, in which all streets in a city are equipped with a bike path. In a virtual process, they gradually remove less used bike path sections from this network. The route selection of cyclists is continuously updated. Thus, a series of bike path networks is created and is always adapted to the current usage. Each stage of it corresponds to a variant that could be carried out with less financial support.

“We illustrate the applicability of this demand-driven planning for crowded urban areas of Dresden and Hamburg,” explains researcher Christoph Steinacker. “We are approaching a real-life issue here using the theoretic toolbox of network dynamics and compare efficient bike path networks under different conditions.” 8．Why do people rarely cycle?

A．They think of cycling as inefficient.

B．They usually take long-distance trips.

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C．They’re concerned about the security. D．They’re unable to find special bike roads.

9．What is a challenge for good bike path networks? A．Tight budgets.

C．Maximized travel distance.

B．Complex routes.

D．Decreasing cycling demand.

10．What can be learned about the planning put forward by researchers?

A．It will be updated once in a while.

B．It is contrary to the real-life design.

C．It ensures every street has a bike path. D．It serves as a model for other districts. 11．Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A．Good Planning Gets the Bike Rolling

B．A good Network Benefits More People

C．Cycling Paths Change Crowded Urban Areas D．A New Concept Contributes to a Better World

Expecting the worst to avoid feeling bad later is known as “bracing”. It may help them prepare for emotionally challenging situations, particularly in the moments before these situations occur. People brace for the worst while waiting for potentially negative outcomes. Someone might also brace for the worst in anticipation of stressful events like giving a presentation at work.

Some psychological theories suggest that bracing should help. For example, “decision affect theory” proposes that how we feel about a situation is determined partly by comparing what actually happened with what could have happened. Based on this, people should be happy when an event goes beyond their expectations, and disappointed when an event falls behind. Therefore, by anticipating the worst, one can safeguard themselves against future disappointment, as any result is likely to surpass their expectations.

But other psychological theories undermine the idea that bracing will be helpful. It has been theorized and scientifically established – that expectations can powerfully influence reality. There are two key ways that expectations can shape reality.

First, people may behave in ways that fit with their expectations. If you expect to fail an upcoming test or interview, then you might not invest efforts in preparation, which in turn reduces your chances of doing well. Second, people may interpret a situation in line with their expectations. Imagine you believe you are insufficiently qualified for a job you’ve applied for. During the job interview, you’re likely to interpret blank expressions from the interviewer in line with this belief, which could negatively affect your performance. In fact, the interviewer

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did not want to give anything away.

Drawing together the scientific studies, it seems that expecting the worst is anything but a wise way to prepare for upcoming news or results. It might be better to hold positive expectations than to brace for the worst. 12．What is the second paragraph mainly about?

A．The logic of preparing for the worst. B．The theory of comparing past and future.

C．The conflict between people’s expectation and reality. D．The emotions hidden behind anticipating the worst.

13．What does the underlined word “undermine” in paragraph 3 mean?

A．Strengthen.

B．Determine.

C．Oppose.

D．Justify.

14．How can negative expectations probably affect people’s performance in reality?

A．By resulting in unnecessary time waste. B．By promoting people’s ambition and motivation. C．By giving weight to people’s potential of excellence. D．By causing less preparation and some misinterpretations. 15．What is the author’s attitude toward bracing for the worst?

A．Unclear.

B．Objective.

C．Negative.

D．Approving.

二、七选五

Just like all good things, all great television shows, too, must come to an end. We all have those pangs of stress around the last few episodes (集) of our current favorite TV show, about the junction where there will be no “Next Episode” button to click. 16 Watch all the accompanying content around the show.

We’re talking about interviews, behind-the-screens, cast reunions and more. The digital world is endless. If you’re willing to dig a little deeper, there are high chances you will come across related content that fulfills you in the same way that the show did. This will feed your brain with the show till it can take no more. 17 Join an appropriate community.

Anyone who’s dealt with post-binge (追剧后的) withdrawals will know the desire of discussing your obsession with your friends. Enter digital platforms for people with similar

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interests. 18 These platforms will shower you with theories, interpretations and reviews for nearly all kinds of genres (体裁).

19 When it comes to the evergreen light comedies like Friends or The Big Bang Theory, there is no such thing as too many replays. For more immersive experience, timing is key. You might need an escape, craving comfort and stability (hello COVID-19!), looking to understand the show at a deeper level, or simply looking for something mindless.

Keep the legacy alive.

Get your friends and family to watch that show you’re obsessing over. 20 Not only have you now had companions to relate your emotional journey, but you’ve also successfully contributed to the legacy of this deserving show.

A．Schedule a rerun.

B．Watch shows and movies of the same cast.

C．Use reverse (反向的) psychology, lie, or make them feel guilty. D．It doesn’t matter whether your interests are mainstream or not. E．Luckily, there are ways to deal with the post-series blues.

F．If they’re anything like you, chances are that they’ll thank you for it. G．Eventually, you will step away from your screen willingly.

三、完形填空

Businessman and public speaker Wilson Harrell remembers his best teacher as follows. When I was 11, my father made me a cotton 21 at his gin（轧棉机）. At that time, I knew cotton, but I was well aware that my father was assigning an 11-year-old a job with an awesome 22 . When I cut a bale（捆）, I pulled out a mess, examined the 23 , identified the grade and set the price. I’ll never forget the first farmer I faced. He looked at me, called my father 24 and said, “Elias, I’ve worked too hard to have an 11-year-old boy decide what I’ll 25 next year.” My father was a man of 26 words. “His grade 27 ,” he answered and walked away. Over the years my father never 28 changed my grade. 29 , when we were alone, he’d check my work. If I’d undergraded and paid too little, I’d have to 试卷第7页，共11页

go and tell the farmer I’d made a mistake and pay him the 30 .If I’d overgraded, my father wouldn’t say a word—he’d just look at me. It was 31 than word-class scolding.

I’m not sure my father knew anything about business, but he 32 an awful lot about making a man out of a boy. He gave me responsibility and then 33 me. He also taught me that 34 builds a business and that the willingness to admit and correct mistakes is a sure way to bring 35 back. 21．A．seller

B．buyer

C．picker C．motivation C．routine C．over C．come across C．kind C．counts C．publicly C．Anyway C．purchase C．louder C．learned C．supported C．passion C．ambitions

D．farmer D．applause D．quantity D．off D．get in D．mean D．stands D．suddenly D．Somehow D．difference D．better D．suffered D．rewarded D．fairness D．customers

22．A．responsibility B．priority 23．A．process 24．A．on 25．A．live on 26．A．empty 27．A．keeps 28．A．accurately 29．A．Otherwise 30．A．tax 31．A．hotter 32．A．understood 33．A．employed 34．A．wisdom 35．A．interactions

B．sample B．back B．drop off B．few B．remains B．critically B．However B．expense B．simpler B．worried B．trapped B．curiosity B．discounts

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In contrast to rushing past overcrowded tourist landmarks, the new trend of city walk has emerged as a popular alternative to exploring busy markets, ancient streets, and charming alleys at 36 unhurried pace.

The origins of city walks can be traced back to London. Strictly speaking, this form of urban tourism is not as casual and 37 (aim) as it may appear. Originally, city walks 38 (refer) to guided tours 39 participants followed a planned route under the

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guidance of tour conductors, with a strong emphasis on diving deep into the city’s rich history and cultural 40 (diverse). As an increasing number of travel 41 (enthusiasm) gathered together, they sought to immerse 42 (they) deeply in the quiet appreciation of their surroundings. Gradually, the concept gained popularity worldwide.

The appeal of city walk particularly resonates with (引起共鸣) the younger generation, who frequently find themselves caught up 43 demanding work schedules. The growing trend of city walk reflects their 44 (change) attitude towards life, namely a more relaxed and slower-paced lifestyle. After all, a city walk isn’t a real walk 45 you are aware of the history in every paving stone.

五、其他应用文

46．假如你是来自英国的交换生Jerry，你发现很多中学生在课间休息时基本不出教室，而是选择在自己的位置上趴睡或写作业。请你写一封倡议信呼吁学生在课间“动起来”并投稿至校英文报，内容包括： 1．提出倡议； 2．“安静课间”的弊端； 3．你的建议。

注意：1．词数80左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear fellow students,

I’m Jerry, an exchange student from the UK.

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Jerry

六、读后续写

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47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

“Mommy, can we get some cupcakes for my birthday? Please!”4-year-old Norah said. I hesitated about going to the grocery store on a Tuesday, Senior Citizen Discount Day. We had already celebrated Norah’s big day. Her two elder sisters were also born in September, so we had one big celebration for all of them. But today was Norah’s actual birthday. How could I say no? ”Okay,“ I said，thinking of the seniors who would crowd the aisles (过道) in the store.“But we have to be quick.

At the store I put Norah in one of the carts shaped like a car and did my best to move it to the bakery quickly. I picked up a package of cupcakes, swung to the other part of the store for birthday balloons and then got distracted by salad dressings.

From the corner of my eye, I saw Norah standing up in the cart waving excitedly. “Hi, old person! It’s my birthday today, ” she said cheerfully.

An elderly man in his 80s stared at us stone-faced. Before I could explain that “old person” isn’t exactly the best way to address someone, the man had already opened his mouth to reply to her. “Well, hello, little lady, ”he said.“How old are you today?”

“I’m four, ”Norah said, holding up her fingers. Then we chatted briefly, long enough for him to tell me that he was Dan and that he usually tried to avoid the grocery store on Senior Citizen Discount Day as well.

We went our separate ways. Several minutes later, Norah asked, “Can I take a photo with the old man for my birthday?” I felt kind of strange about asking a complete stranger to take a photo with this kid who had just called him “old person”.

“Let’s see if we can,” I said. We went back and spotted Mr. Dan by the dairy section. “There he is!” Norah pointed. His hair was uncombed(乱的), and he was dressed in a plaid shirt, jeans and sneakers.

“Ask him, Mommy!” Norah said.

“Okay, okay, I’ll ask, honey, ”I told Norah, and then approached the old man. 注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

“Excuse me,Mr.Dan,”I said.

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“My wife passed away months ago,”Dan explained.

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