常用词组

一、 按大词（动词、名词）记忆

look 的常用短语：

look up … in查找

look sb. up and down 上下打量

look back to/ upon回顾

look upon…as把… 看作

look forward to期待

look through浏览; 看穿

take a new look呈现新面貌

fear的常用短语：

in fear害怕地

(be) in fear of 害怕

for fear of/ that担心；生怕

concentrate 的常用短语：

concentrate on 专心…

concentrate one’s mind on 专心于…

类似的短语：

fix one’s mind upon

focus on

put one’s heart into

focus one’s mind on

surprise常用短语：

in surprise惊讶地

to one’s surprise 使某人惊讶的是

be surprise at/to do/that

对某事感到惊讶

表示“穿衣”的动作或状态的词和短语

1．表示动作的有：

pull on

put on

dress

dress sb

2. 表示状态的有：

wear

be in

be dressed in

have … on

常见表“喜欢”的短语和单词

like

care for

be keen on

be fond of

take delight in…

trouble的常用短语：

have much trouble / no trouble (in) doing 在…有/没有困难

take great trouble to do

不辞辛劳做某事

put sb to the trouble of doing …

为难某人做某事

make trouble捣乱

be in (great) trouble

惹麻烦；处在困境中

help sb. out of trouble

帮某人摆脱困境

end的常用短语：

come to an end……结束

put an end to 结束……

on end竖起, 连续

in the end终于; 最后

end up (by) doing…以……结束

make both ends meet收支相抵

表示“导致”、“由…引起”的短语：

1. 导致

cause sth. (to do)

result in

lead to

2. 由……引起

be caused by

result from

grow out of

lie in

表“全力以赴”的短语：

do / try one’s best

spare no efforts to do

take great pains to do

go all out to do

do what somebody can (do) to do

do all somebody can (do) to do

direction常用短语：

in (the ) direction of….朝……方向

under the direction of ...在……的指导下

follow the directions照说明去做

far常用短语：

far from (being)离……要求相差很远

far from +(a place)距离某地很远

far away遥远

so far 到目前为止; 那么远

as far as sb. knows/sees据某人所知

by far

(最高级前,比较级后)起强调作用

distance常用短语：

in the distance在远处

from/ at a distance从远处

keep sb. at a distance

于某人保持一定距离

It is no distance at all.不远

use常用短语：

used to do过去曾经、常做

be used to doing …习惯于……

be used to do被用来做……

make good/ full use of充分利用……

come into use开始使用……

it is no use doing …干……没有用

“出了什么事”的几种不同表达

What’s wrong with….?

What’s the matter with…?

What’s the trouble with…?

What happened (to sb.) ?

“众所周知”常用表达法：

It is known to all that…主语从句，that不能省

As is known to all,定语从句，置于句首

We all know (that)后接宾语从句

Everyone knows (that)后接宾语从句

, which is known to all.非限定从句，置于句末

表“同意某人意见”的常用短语：

agree with sb. /what sb. said

agree to sth.

approve (of) sth.

in favour of sth.

be agreeable to sth.

be for sth.

“不同意”

disagree with sb./ what sb. said

object to sth.

disapprove (of) sth.

be against sth.

sign的常用短语：

sign one’s name签名

sign to sb (not) to do sth.

示意某人(不)做某事

signs of …

……的迹象

would rather 与 prefer 的区别

1．宁愿做……而不做……

would rather do A than do B

prefer A to B

prefer to do A rather than do B

2. would rather 主语 + 过去式，表示“宁愿”

eg. I would rather you came tomorrow than today.

should prefer sb. to do sth./ should prefer 主语 + 过去式，表示“比较喜欢……”

eg. I should prefer you not to go there alone.

OR: I should prefer that you did not go there alone.

trap常用短语

be caught in a trap落入圈套

be led into a trap中圈套

set a trap to do sth.设圈套……

be trapped in sth.被…..所围困

grow常用短语

in the grow of在….成长中

grow up长大; 成长

grow rich on靠….. 变富

grow into长成……

grow out of由…..引起/滋生出

make常用短语

be made up of =consist of 由……组成

make up for弥补

be made from/ of由……造成

make up编造;组成;化妆

be made into制成……

make fun of取笑; 嘲弄

make a living 谋生

supply, provide, offer 的区别：

1．表示“向某人提供某物”

supply / provide sb. with sth.

supply / provide sth. for sb.

supply sth. to sb.

offer sb. sth.

2. 表示“主动提出做某事”

offer to do sth.

3. 表示“倘使”、“假如”

provided / providing that

= on condition that

=only if

4. 表示“满足需要”supply / meet a need.

supply的常用短语

in short supply 缺乏，不足

medical/military supply医疗/军用品

supplies of…许多

lack的常用短语

be lacking in sth. 在……不足

make up for the lack of

弥补……的不足

for/by/from/through lack of…

由于…不足,缺乏

have no lack of不缺

damage的常用短语

do damage/harm to 对……有害

cause damage to 对……造成损害

ask for damage要求赔偿

die of 与die from 的区别

die of 表示“死于……病”或冻死、气死，或死于过度悲伤。

die of cancer/grief/hunger/anger/cold

die from表示死于外伤、事故、劳累过度。如：

die from polluted air/overwork/sword thrust

die常用短语

die for one’s country为国捐躯

die down熄灭、平息

die off绝种、枯死

die away消逝、静下来

die a heroic death英勇牺牲

threaten常用短语

threaten sb. with sth.用……威胁某人

threaten to do…威胁做……

under the threat of…在……的威胁下

speed常用短语

speed up加速

at the speed of…以…..的速度

with great speed迅速

aim常用短语

take aim at瞄准

reach an aim达到目的

aim at瞄准、针对

permit与allow 的区别

表“允许做某事”或“允许某人做某事”用法基本相同。

permit/allow doing sth.

permit/allow sb. to do sth.

permit /allow of sth

一般在主格结构中表示“时间、条件等许可”，多用permit

Time/Weather permitting, I’ll drop in on her.

allow 还可以表示“承认”、“考虑到”。例如：

1. We allow him to be wronged.

2. will take an hour to go there, allowing for traffic delays.

means常用短语

by means of通过….., 靠……

by this means/ in this way用这种方法

by no means/in no case决不

by all means用一切办法

keep常用短语

keep up with紧跟…..

keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做

keep sb. from doing sth.阻止…..做……

keep off the grass勿踏草地

keep to the point紧扣主题

keep in touch with与……保持联系

mark常用短语

make one’s mark成功、出名

be marked with标明

gain/get full marks for ……得满分

seat常用短语

take one’s seat坐下

have a seat请坐

see/find sb. seated看见/发现某人坐在….

be seated就座, 坐着

seat oneself in/at/on使自己坐在……

部分 动词+ to + doing 的用法

look forward to

get down to

object to

devote… to…

pay attention to

prefer…to…

give常用短语

give up放弃

give in让步\\屈服

give off 散发出

give away赠送、泄漏

give rise to 引起……

give out 疲劳、用完、散发出

fit常用短语

be fit for适合

keep fit/keep healthy保持健康

be fit to do 适合于…..

fit in with适应……

a nice fit合身的衣服

…fit sb.某人穿….. 合身

reach 常用短语

reach an agreement达成协议

reach for…伸手去拿/够……

within / out of reach够得到/够不着

reach sb’s understanding 使某人明白

feed常用短语

feed sth. to sb/feed sb. on sth. 用……喂养……

be fed up of…/ be tired of…/ be bored with…

对……感到厌倦

feed on以……为食

mercy常用短语

without mercy残忍地

have mercy on /upon 对……表示怜悯

at the mercy of任凭摆布

beg for mercy 乞求饶恕

exist常用短语

exist in/lie in/consist in存在于……

in existence 现存的

come into existence/ come into being 形成

opinion常用短语

in one’s opinion =in the opinion of sb.在某人看来

have a high/ low opinion of

对……评价高/低

give one’s opinion on

对……谈自己的看法

persuade常用短语

persuade sb. to do =

persuade sb. into doing

说服某人做某事

try to persuade sb. to do

试图说服某人做某事

persuade sb. to sth.

说服某人同意某事

engage 常用短语

be engaged to sb.

与某人订婚

be engaged in sth. =

be engaged doing sth.

忙于……, 从事某事

wide 与broad 的区别

它们均可以表“宽”和“广阔的”

a river 50 feet wide/ broad

指身体部位“宽肩、宽背”一般用broad, 表示

“睁大眼睛、张大嘴巴”一般用wide。

broad shoulders/ back

with wide eyes

open one’s mouth wide

wide 还可以作副词，表示“完全、大大地”

be wide awake

be wide open

sure常用短语

be sure of/about

对……由把握

be sure to do sth.

肯定会……

make sure + that-clause

务必……,一定要……

make sure of…

弄清楚……

experience 常用短语

have experience in…

在……有经验

be experienced in…

在……有经验

pain 常用短语

take great pains to do

努力做某事

spare no pains to do

全力以赴做某事

stick 常用短语

stick to sth.

坚持……

stick …on…

粘贴……

be stuck in …

陷进……

stick no bills

请勿张贴

spare 常用短语

spare money/time for

省出钱…，腾出时间

in one’s spare time

在某人业余时间

spare no efforts to do

不遗余力去做

don’t spare the opinions

不要保留意见

put down的不同含义

put down (one’s knife and fork) 放下……

pit down the rebellion

put down what sb. says

记下，写下

take up 的不同含义

take up a hobby

培养……

take up football

开始……

take up the work

继续……

take up…time/space

消耗,占据……

take up a post

就职

take up a song/ cry

跟着一起……

habit 常用短语

form/get the habit of

养成……习惯

be in/have the habit of

有…….习惯

get into the habit of

沾染了……恶习

get rid of the habit=

grow out of the habit=

break away from the habit

改掉了……习惯

二、 按小词（介词、副词）记忆

l．动词+about

speak／talk about 谈论 think about 思考

care about 关心，对……有兴趣 bring about 引起，使发生

set about 着手，开始 come about 发生

h ear about 听说 worry about 为……担心

2．动词+away

throw away 扔掉 blow away 吹走

carry away 拿走，使入迷 clear away 清除掉，消散

die away 逐渐消失,减弱 pass away 去世

wash away 冲走 take away 拿走，使消失

put away 收拾起来，存起来 wear away 磨掉，消耗 send away 让走开 3．动词+back

keep back 隐瞒，忍住 hold back 控制住 call back 回电话 4．动词+for

run for 竞选 wait for 等候 give away 背弃，泄漏，赠送break away 摆脱

turn away 把……打发走

look back(on) 回顾

give back 归还

take back 拿回，收回

ask for 要求得到

stand for 代表，表示

long for 渴望 hope/wish for 希望得到

care for 关心，喜欢 beg for 乞求

search for 查找 look for 寻找

call for 需要，要求 change…for 用……换 apply for 申请 seek for 寻找 5．动词+down

burn down 烧毁 take down 记下，记录 cut down 削减，砍倒 pass down 传下来 calm down 平静下来 hunt for 寻找

charge…for 收费，要价

take…for 误以为……是

come for 来拿，来取

break down 坏了，垮了，分解 turn down 调小，拒绝

slow down 慢下来

put down 记下，写下，

bring down 使……降低，使倒下

settle down 安家 come down 下落，传下

tear down 拆毁，拆除

6．动词+at

come at 向……袭击 run at 冲向，向……攻击 tear at 用力撕 stare at 凝视 glance at 匆匆一瞥 knock at 敲(门、窗等) smile at 冲(某人)笑 aim at 向……瞄准 wonder at 惊讶 7．动词+from

shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷

work at 干……活动(研究)

look at 看，注视

glare at 怒视

laugh at 嘲笑

point at 指向

strike at 向……打击

shoot at 向……射击

call at 拜访(地点)

differ from 与……不同 suffer from 受……苦

hear from 收到……来信 die from 因……而死

keep／stop／prevent…from不让……做learn from 向……学习

result from 由于 date from 始于……时期

separate…from 把……分离开

8．动词+of

think of 想到 dream of 梦到

consist of 由……组成 speak of 谈到

approve of 赞成 die of 死于

talk of 谈到 hear of 听说

complain of 抱怨 become of 发生……情况，怎么啦

9．动词+off

start off 出发 set off 出发

leave off 中断 show off 炫耀

get off 下车 take off 脱下，起飞

see off 送行 ring off 挂断电话

put off 延期，推迟 cut off 切断，断绝 keep off 避开，勿走近 欢

knock…off 把……撞落 pay off 还清 get off 脱下(衣服等) turn(switch) off 关掉

10．动词+on

depend on 依靠 insist on 坚持 come off 脱落，褪色

fall off 跌落，掉下

go off 走开；消失；坏了,爆炸，不喜break off 打断

carry off 携走带走，赢得

give off 散发出

rely on 依靠

carry on 继续，进行

keep／go on 继续 spend…on 在……花钱

put on 穿上，戴上，上演 call on 拜访

move on 继续移动，往前走 live on 以……为生

feed on 以……为生 take on 雇用，呈现(新面貌等) have on 穿着 look on 旁观 11．动词+out

break out 爆发 pick out 选出 burst out 进发 carry out 执行，进行 hold out 坚持下去 bring on 使……发展

try on 试穿

pass on 传授，传递

turn(switch) on 打开

point out 指出

figure out 算出，理解

bring out 阐明，使表现出 help out 救助

set out 出发，着手，摆放

wear out 穿破，使……疲劳 make out 理解，看清楚 cross out 划掉 keep out(of) 使不进入，挡住 find out 查出，弄明白 try out 试用，试验 put out 扑灭 hand out 散发 run out 用完 let out 泄漏，发出(声音)，出租 12．动词十in

give in 让步 bring in 引进，使得到收入

turn out 结果是，生产，培养

come out 出版，出来

leave out 省略，删掉

work out 算出，想出办法等 give out 散发，分发，用完

look out 当心，提防

speak out 大胆讲出

send out 发出，派遣

go out 熄灭

die out 灭绝

hand in 上交

drop in 拜访

result in 导致 join in 参加 get in 收获，进入 fill in 填写 cut in 插入 look in 来访，参观

13．动词十into

look into 研究，调查 burst into 闯入，进发 change…into 把……变成 run into碰到 14．动词+over

turn over 翻倒，细想

succeed in 在……获成功

take in 接纳，吸收，改小

break in 强制进入，插话

call in 召集，来访

persist in 坚持

turn into 变成

divide…into 把……分成

put／translate…into 把……译成

send sb to/into sleep 使进入状态 think over 仔细考虑

go over 审阅，检查，研究 get over 克服 take over 接管，接替 fall over 跌倒，摔倒 15．动词十to

belong to 属于 refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅 turn to 向……求助，查阅 see to 处理，料理 reply to 答复 bring to 使苏醒把……比作 agree to 同意 supply…to 为……提供

look over 翻阅，检查

run over 压死，看一遍

watch over 看守，照看

roll over 翻滚

object to 反对

point to 指向

stick／hold／keep to 坚持，忠于

come to 共计，苏醒

get to 到达

compare…to 与…相比;把…比作

write to 写信给

lead to 导致，通向

add to 增添 attend to 处理,专心，照料

devote…to 贡献给

16．动词+up

grow up 成长，长大 give up 放弃，献出

build up 建立 set up 架起、建立

put up 搭起，架起，安装，住宿，张贴，盖起

do up 整理，包装，打扮

go up 增长，上涨get up 起床，站起

pick up 拾起，学会，用车，来接，收听到

bring up 抚养，呕吐，提出 出现 stay up 挺住，熬夜

turn up 开大(音量等)，出席

take up 开始学，从事，占据

sit up 熬夜 eat up 吃完

use up 用完 tear up 撕碎

lay up 储存 make up构成，组成 编造 弥补 cut up

切碎 join up 联结起来，参军

end up 总结 speed up 加快速度 clear up 整理，收拾，放晴 bum up 烧毁 hurry up 赶快 keep up 保持 send up 发射 open up 开创，开辟 break up 分解

17．动词十through

get through 通过，干完，接通电话 go through 审阅，检查，学习 come up 上来，长出，出现

throw up 呕吐

look up 查找，找出

catch up 赶上

fix up 修理，安排，装置

hold up 耽搁，使停顿

ring up 打电话

divide up 分配

look through 翻阅，看一遍，仔细查看 put…through 接通电话

see through 识破 pull through 渡过危机，康复

18．动词+with

deal with 处理，对付 meet with 遇到，遭受 agree with 同意，与……一致 combine with 与……相联合 cover…with 用……覆盖 end up with 以……结束 provide…with 以……供给 19．三词以上的短语动词

add up to 总计 keep away from 避开，别靠近 check through 核对

do with 处理，需要

talk with 同……交谈

compare with 与……相比equip…with 以……装备

begin with 以……开始

supply…with 以……供给

play with 玩，玩弄

break away from 摆脱

do away with 废除

look down on 轻视 put up with 忍受 keep up with 赶上 make up for 弥补 get on(along) with 和……相处 get close to 接近 get out of 逃避，避免 set fire to 放火烧 take notice of 注意 do well in 在……干得好 take a photo of 拍……照片 三、1. in turn一个接一个地

look up to 仰望，尊敬

catch up with 赶上

run out of 用完

go on with 继续

look forward to 盼望

take hold of 握住

get down to 认真开始

pay attention to 注意

set an example to 为……榜样

pay a visit to 访问

take the place of 取代

易混短语强化记忆

in return 作为回报 I tried to do a good deed, but this is what I got in return,

by turns=one after the other

take turn to do sth.轮流做某事

turn secretary=become a secretary

turn to sb ( for help ) turn up=appear

turn out=prove to be / produce

turn down 拒绝=refuse；音量调低 ；向下翻；

2. If she spent five years in Paris, how come she can't speak a word of French?

她假若在巴黎呆了五年，怎麽一句法语都不会说呢？

come across 越过某处；被理解；偶然发现, 偶然遇到

come into being／existence 出现，开始形成，建立

come into use／service 开始使用 （无被动）

come out 出来; 出发；出版；名列…；（总数等）达到（+ at/to）

come to light 泄露（）；被发现

cf. Your statement does not throw light on the subject. 并没有说明问题

come true实现，变成现实 My dream has come true. 我的一个梦想实现了。

Cf. realize one’s dream reach one’s goal turn sth into reality

come up 升起；走进；种子生长发育； 被提出

come up with an idea（突然）想出办法

3. go all out to do sth 全力以赴去做某事 =try one’ best to…=do what / all one can to…

go beyond 超出；超出…的能力 go beyond one’s ability / imagination / control

go in for参与，参与（竞赛等）；从事（某项工作）；爱好，酷爱

go out (火)熄灭,过时了

cf. put out the fire（灭火） put off 推迟, 延期( put off the meeting )；

put down the rebellion()

go with 相配 （同义词match / go along with）

4. keep in touch with与…保持联系(指状态)

get in touch with (指动作)

keep up your courage保持勇气，别泄气

keep up with 跟上 catch up with 赶上

5. look down upon/ on sb 轻视某人；鄙视某人/某物

look on /upon sb./sth. as 把...看作.(近义词组：regard…as; treat…as; consider…as/to be)

look over 对…审阅；粗略地看；翻阅

look up a word in a dictionary查阅…

look through 透过…看（尤指空隙或透明物体等）；（从头到尾）初略地翻阅

look up to sb 尊敬某人

look sb. in the eye 盯着

6. make oneself at home（如同在家一般）随便些，不必客气

make arrangements for为…做安排

make a been line for取捷径前往

make room for让出地方，腾出空间

make the best of 充分利用 ，尽量利用

make the most of尽量利用，善于利用

make up for lost time/ground加紧努力补回失去或落后的时间

make oneself heard / understood使自己被别人听到/听懂理解

make good /no sense有意义/没意义

make tea/coffee 泡茶/咖啡

make for有助于，使成为 Cultural exchanges make for mutual understanding.

7. put away 放好；收起来；把…放在原位；储藏 放弃

put aside放在一边；抛弃；暂时不做；留出(时间),省出(钱)

put sth. in order（使）整齐

put on weight增加体重(lose weight减肥，减少体重)

put on your clothes穿衣 take off your clothes脱衣

put an end/stop to制止，使停止，结束

cf. come to an end（某事）结束 end up with failure以失败而告终

put up with和某人住在一起；忍受，忍耐=bear / stand

put through 做成，完成；接通电话 使通过考试；使经历（难受的事）

8. take sb. by surprise （出人意料地）攻占；撞见

take A for B 把A误认为是B

take sb./sth. for granted认为…是必然情况，视为当然

take sth. into account/consideration加以考虑；予以重视

take advantage of 利用；占…的便宜

take the opportunity of抓住机会；利用（机会）

take charge of开始负…的责；看管；控制

take it easy=Don’t be nervous

take your time 从容 Take your time. There is still half an hour left.

take the place of代替 cf. stand for代表

take on a new look 呈现新面貌 take off脱下,起飞

take on sb 雇用 =employ sb=hire sb

take in fresh air=absorb

take up 占据(时间,地方)；从事于 take up space / much time

take up arms (against)拿起武器反对…，武装起来与…作对

take over接管,接替

9. turn down 拒绝；音量调低 ；向下翻；

turn out制造出，生产出，培养出；结局是，结果是；原来是

It turns out that知道是…，结果证明是

It is one's turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事

take up a city攻 占城市

turn over a new leaf重新生活，改过自新

turn in sth to sb 上交

10. not a little=much not a bit=not at all=not in the least

---Are you hungry?

---Not a little. I could eat a horse.

11. break away from（the Union ）脱离（联邦）

get rid of bad habit 去掉 do away with废除

12. drop in at a place drop in on ab 顺便拜访

13. due to=caused by The accident was due to careless driving.

owing to=because of Owing to the rain they could come.

thanks to=as a result of Thanks to your help we were successful.

14. feel like doing=would like to do…

15. figure out=imagine=work out make out 辩认，拼凑

16. have a gift for=be talented at

17. in short简言之 in a word 一句话

18. knock into sb=happen to meet sb cf. knock sb down 撞倒

19. let out a cry of surprise= cry out

20. It is no wonder that …

There is no doubt that …

21. on show在展出 cf. show off one new clothes 炫耀

22. out of order=in a mess / sth goes wrong in (good) order

23. pick up sb 开车去接 pick out=choose

24. run short of run out of=use up

Our supplies have run short（不用被动语态）=We have run short of supplies.

25. run for 竞选 call for=need

send for a doctor=ask sb to go to fetch a doctor

apply for the position 申请

run into sb=(suddenly) see sb撞上/碰到

26. set about to do sth=set out to do sth

27. burst out laughing carry out a plan执行

The war broke out in late autumn.

His shoes were worn out. wear out 穿破

28. cut down the price 削减 cut off electricity 切断

29. call off a meeting=not hold …取消 see sb off at the airport 送行

set off for the first destination

30. break in 打断/插入 be engaged in 从事

31. reply to sb=answer sb stick to sth / to doing sth

see to sb=take care of sb

take to开始, 喜欢, 沉溺于, 走向, 照料, 求助于, 适应

take to gardening when one retires take to drinking

get down to some solid work认真开始… object to sth/ doing …反对

32. tear up a letter 撕… keep up one’s courage保持…

bring up a child 抚养… break up a family 拆散…

stay up late at night=do not go to sleep until very late

33. pass away=die die away= (sound ) gradually disappear

34. cut through=take a shortcut see through one’s trick

I couldn’t get through; the line was busy.

35. in charge of负责 in the charge of，意味着在…管理下

36. add up to总计 add to=increase增加/添加

37. all at once=all of a sudden=suddenly

38. give out散发,分发,用完 give away背弃,泄露，赠送

39. keep … safe

to remain safe : cf: remaining food(剩菜剩饭)=leftover

to stay safe

40. What do you think of your new job?

How do you like your new job ?

How do you find your new job? 你认为你的新工作怎么样？